CPR is one of the most basic life saving techniques used today, and it is a skill that everyone (not only the pros) should learn. You never know when you might need to use it – hopefully never – but the thought of not having the knowledge when the time comes is just unthinkable. It is very easy to do, in fact many teens are taught how to administer CPR in high school.
Today, we are more conscious of germs and the spread of infection, so many CPR classes will advise you to have some sort of protection in the event CPR is necessary. You will see key chain sized pouches that carry gloves, mouth protection, etc. – but the chances of the everyday layperson having these items on them is rare, and the reason mouth-to-mouth is not something a civilian is obliged to do nowadays.
Here are some of the Adult CPR basics to refresh your memory, or to give you a clue as to what you will learn in class.
If you come upon someone who is unconscious, their airway is the first thing you should check. Is the airway open, or is there something in their mouth. If you find something in their mouth, you will need to turn their head and finger swipe it out.
Is the person breathing? If not you would then tilt their head back, chin up, give two rescue breaths, both lasting 1-2 seconds in length making sure they go in. If they do not go in, reposition the head and try again. You will need to learn the technique in class – do not try this without receiving proper instruction.
Check your patient’s carotid pulse – this is found on either the left or right side of the trachea (windpipe). Is there a pulse? If there is no pulse at all, start chest compressions. Again, never attempt this unless you have undergone CPR training. Basically the technique is this – Place the heel of one hand over the center of the person’s chest, between the nipples. Place your other hand on top of the first hand, and keeping your elbows straight, position your shoulders directly above your hands and push straight down 2 inches. Chest compressions for adult CPR are 30 compressions, after you finish the compressions, immediately give 2 breaths. Note: It is permissible to omit the breaths in instances of skill limitations (you are not a pro, or are very rusty at cpr), or if you are physically unable to keep up.
You should go for 5 cycles of CPR before checking a pulse again. Is it there? If it is, take note on whether it is fast, slow or weak. If it is not there, begin 5 more cycles of CPR. Try to keep it up until help arrives, or the person starts breathing. If they suddenly start breathing, be aware that they may vomit and be ready to help turn their head. If you have your CPR certification, remember to stay current and re-certify when it expires.